We are SOKIA MOBILE SHOPPE and deal in mobile phones of different companies (different range).

The Order management system required for our company should be divided into 2 parts:

a.      Inventory(stocks) of different handsets and models

b.      Orders received by the customers

Now within these two divisions there are specific details which are as explained below.

1.      Inventory: This must contain the stock of each model number along with the unit price.

2.      Orders: This must contain the name of the customer from whom the order is received, its address, the name of products offered by us, the quantity ordered by the customer and how much will be the value of the order received.

The application should give us the flexibility of editing and deleting the products, orders with ease and should also show the number of orders received with their quantity and order value.

In the inventory table, the application should adjust and readjust the levels according to the orders and should project the latest or updated figures every time.

There should be consistency in the system and it should be robust to handle huge amount of data.

PART-2

Master inventory form

Master inventory view

Orders view

Orders form

 Friends its a small quiz just a teaser..enjoy yourself..!!

For knowing the correct answers kindly fill the email address.

http://www.creator.zoho.com/varun1233/5-minute-challenge/#

For many years software for early computers were written in assembly language. At that time higher level languages (HLL) were not invented and theirs benefits like ability to reuse in different kinds of CPUs had not gained popularity by that time. Limited memory capacity of early computers was also a challenge.

Invention & Working

Towards the end of 1950’s, machine independent programming languages were proposed.  After development of several experimental compilers, the first compiler was written by Grace Hopper, in 1952, for the A-0 programming language.The A-O series of compilers translated symbolic mathematical code into machine code, and allowed the specification of call numbers assigned to the collected programming routines stored on magnetic tape. One could then simply specify the call numbers of the desired routines and the computer would find them on the tape, bring them over and do the additions.

The A-0 functioned more as a loader or linker than the modern notion of a compiler. A program was specified as a sequence of subroutines and arguments. The subroutines were identified by a numeric code and the arguments to the subroutines were written directly after each subroutine code. The A-0 system converted the specification into machine code that could be fed into the computer a second time to execute the program.

The FORTRAN team led by John Backus at IBM is generally credited as having introduced the first complete compiler, in 1957. COBOL was an early language to be compiled on multiple architectures, in 1960.Early compilers were written in assembly language.

The first self-hosting compiler — capable of compiling its own source code in a high-level language — was created for Lisp by Hart and Levin at MIT in 1962.

QUERY-1

To get student id, full name, phone number and address of the students whose first name starts with the letter ‘V’ or whose address is ‘Indore’.

SELECT “Student_id”, “Last name”,”First name”,”Phone_no”,”Address” from “STUDENT DETAILS” where “First name” like ‘V%’ or “Address”=’Indore’

QUERY-2

To get student id, full name, phone number, address and percentage of students who are from ‘Delhi’. In this query data of 2 tables is joined by asking for the percentages as well.

SELECT “Student_id”, “Last name”, “First name”,”Address”,”Percentage” FROM “STUDENT DETAILS”,”STUDENT MARKS” where “Address”=’Delhi’ and “STUDENT DETAILS”.”Student_id”=”STUDENT MARKS”.”Student_id”

QUERY-3

To get student id, full name, phone number, address and percentage of students who have percentage greater than 75.

SELECT “Student_id”, “First name”,”Last name”,”Percentage”,”Address” FROM “STUDENT DETAILS”,”STUDENT MARKS” where “Percentage”> ’75′ and “STUDENT DETAILS”.”Student_id”=”STUDENT MARKS”.”Student_id”

PROCEDURE

Ø  CREATING TABLES IN ZOHO

1.     Create a Zoho id to access the website and the service.

2.    When you login the site there will be  4 options provided:

·      Import a Excel file/spread sheet

·     Create database from template

·    Create blank database

·     Enter data right away and creating tables within

3.     In this case, data is imported from an Excel file. So copy the table from the excel file and paste it in the appeared window and name it.

4.     After pasting the table, specify the data type and click create button to create tables.  

Ø  QUERY & OUTPUT  1.   Now to get the required output from the tables one needs to ask queries. So click on the link ‘NEW’ and select ‘New Query Table’ option. Write the required query in the appeared window and say execute.

Un-Normalised Entity

Normalised Entities

First normal form (i.e. no repeating groups)

Karan: Hi Varun. Can you please explain what an integrated system is?

Varun: Ya sure. It is a system in which separate programs perform separate functions with communication and data-passing between functional programs performing standardized input-output routines and a common data-base. But the data should be logically separate from the applications even if they are on the same hardware.                  

Karan: Then what is system architecture?

Varun: It is a representation of a system in which there is mapping of functionality onto hardware and software components & a mapping of the software onto the hardware  and human interaction with these components.

Karan: What are the different types of system architectures?

Varun: There is 1-tier (single tier), 2-tier, 3-tier and multi-tier architecture. There can be n-tier architecture depending on the requirements.

Karan: Can you briefly explain each of these and also give some advantages and limitations of each type?

Varun: In single tier architecture, the data needs to be separate from the application but they are in the same hardware (i.e. desktop, laptop, server etc.) and data is directly processed by the driver.

In 2-tier (Client-server architecture), data and applications do not reside in the same hardware. Data is stored in the server and applications in individual machines connected through local area network (LAN).It has a convenient graphical user interface (GUI) & processing burden is not placed on the server when number of users is high. But management of system, high band-width requirements, maintenance/version control are some issues of concern.

In 3-tier architecture, there are 3 layers- User interface layer, Business logic layer and Database layer. The application is partitioned i.e. business logic/application is kept central (at one location/server) and presentation logic is kept local. It is connected through LAN/WAN & provides (when compared to the two tier) increased performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability, and scalability, while hiding the complexity of distributed processing from the user.

 In a multi-tier there are 4 layers – Data server, Business application server, Web server and Users which are connected through internet, that proves to be inexpensive but insecure. But the business application needs to be web enabled. The first 3 layers/components can either be in different or same physical machines/hardware or the business application & webserver could be in the same machine and database in another.

 The n-tier architecture is the same as the 3-tier architecture, but it has multiple (n) components and data management servers. It can distribute components across multiple servers and can access data in multiple databases.

But in these types of architecture there are three disadvantages:

1.     Data redundancy

2.     Data inconsistency

3.     Data insecurity

Karan: So how can these issues be resolved?

Varun: First, by using Relation Database Management System (RDBMS) which makes sure data consistency across different locations and time periods and is easier to manage in terms of backup, security & access authentication.Second, by integrating different functions in same package/software/application by using ERP system which does not require separate activity to synchronise data, is easier to implement, manage, maintain & can be purchased as a single package from an established vendor.Third, to secure the system & data, firewall servers can be used.

Karan: Can you mention some databases and application development platforms available?

Varun:  Database – Oracle, SQLserver, MySQL, ZOHO           

Application development platform- Java/C++, Visual basic, Ruby-on-rails, ZOHO.

Karan: Thank you Varun for providing the information.